Story About One Film - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 623 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/03/19 Category Art Essay Level High school Tags: Film Analysis Essay Did you like this example? Abstract The system is a process in which people get employed, and the system pay for an employee to work. The employee works gives production, and because of those production there can supply, and the supply is only fulfilled by demand. Money that employee earned creates demand but without money no demand. So, if you work you get paid but if you dont work you not gone get paid. Money plays an important role in everyones life. Money is equal to comfort, No money no comfort. There are many people who are facing difficult time. For example, unemployment. People without a job are called unemployed. But if a person is unemployed he/she can apply for government aid. Government aid is a program who pay some money to survive for those people who dont have a job. All people who are employed get paid must pay taxes. And those taxes go to government, by tax money government land some money to people who applied for government aid. This process is called Redistribution. The problem with the system is of unfair debt, trades and tax policies. The main problem with the system is that the percentage of taxpayer is decreasing and the percentage of people receiving government aid is increasing. If this process keeps on going then many people will be below the poverty line. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Story About One Film" essay for you Create order Now a days Internet is a most important technological tool that people use in their day to day life. By accessing to internet, you have many option you can search for anything you can buy most of the stuff online. Online shopping is one of the easy way to shop for many people. And most of the people prefer online shopping over going to a store physically. The reason behind people preferring to shop online is the online stores have different deals going on, and you dont even have to go out form you home. Internet provide scope of employment. Some of the benefits of Internet are fast buying or selling products, finding proper match, various of option. And the disadvantage is no guarantee of product, receiving different product than expected. The technology has change over time. And it has change every ones life. Technology in Food Industry has change too, now people can place there order online and then come and pick it up, now a days people dont have to come and pick it up they can also have food deliver to their door step. Due to this type of technology many of the people got unemployed. Because machine is taking over worker. The world is changing time to time. The value of worker is decreasing and therefore it creates unemployment, and this type of unemployment is called structural unemployment. In the film, there are many news on job loss. Machines are taking over workers, machine are replacing for many jobs to save time money and labor. This type of unemployment is controllable but the jobs is sinking and economy is getting worst. This is pushing demand creating more profit. Many people prefer two part-time job over one full-time job to earn more money and this is one of the reason why the unemployment rate is not rising. Technology change the world day by day. Machines are taking over workers. A machine saves time and money and they have a higher productive rate. The growth of technology wont stop for any one. Now a days we can see a car which can drive without a driver. A restaurant can be operated without waiters. Technology is destroying many job in our surroundings. The unemployment rate is rising by time to time. The amount of work and worker is shrinking and this leads to our economy is getting worst.

The Age Of The Civil War - 1592 Words

The United States of America became a diversified country due to colonization, slavery, and immigration. There were various types of races, ethnicities, and nationalities all in one geographical area. There were pros and there were cons during this time in America. The cons seemed to outweigh the pros; racism, wars, and other societal problems became major issues within North America. The age of the Civil War revealed the United of States Americas societal and racial issues in great depth. Acts of murder, assault, larceny, and destruction all took place in the Northern hemisphere of America. There were a series of riots that took place after the announcement of the draft law. The Draft Riots during the year of 1863 were to a great degree; tragic, bloody, destructive, and caused a galore of mayhem to the people and the cities. It remains one of the largest civil insurrections in American history. It revealed the deep racial, economic, and social divides that the United States of Ameri ca faced during the Civil War era. The Draft Riots across New York and other surrounding areas connected in a certain way. The most notorious riots occurred in New York City for a grueling four days and had up to 120 deaths. Buffalo and Troy New York; Boston, Massachusetts, also boroughs of New York City faced an enormous catastrophe all caused by the American people. There were numerous ingrained issues on why the riots occurred. The riots had a large impact on New York and MassachusettsShow MoreRelatedThe Golden Age Of A Civil War Across China Essay1789 Words   |  8 PagesDaoism appeared as a reaction to a civil war across China, known as the warring states period, which caused a wide feeling of civil unrest. The war went on for nearly two hundred and fifty years and spread across the Zhou Dynasty, which was divided into eight separate states. Daoist believed that war was a result of excessive desire, and only through modest desire will people and the state experience peace and unity. Daoist argued that desire and all actions must be natural, and we must return toRead MoreThe American Civil War : The Gilded Age Emerged2159 Words   |  9 PagesFollowing the finish of the American Civil War, the period known as the Gilded Age emerged. During this period, industrialism increased rapidly as well as the amount of cities. However, with a growth of industries and cities, corruption and complications would also follow. Since businesses were booming and the economy was improving, the United States’ Presidents of this time period, such as Hayes, Garfield, and Cleveland, granted businesses large amounts of power in hopes of continuing the successRead MoreThe Gilded Age : A Powerhouse Rose From The Ashes Of The Civil War871 Words   |  4 PagesProgressives in the Gilded Age The Gilded Age: A powerhouse rose from the ashes of the Civil War. From the Civil War until about 1896, the Gilded Age was born. The United States was going through an era of governmental, fiscal and societal restructuring. Gilded Age got its name because Mark Twain seen as a period where everything seemed to be well on the surface but beneath was a scheme of political dishonesty and self-indulgence. Around this time, the affluent upper class was created due to theRead MoreThe Other Civil War of a Peoples History of The United States1454 Words   |  6 PagesIn chapter â€Å"The Other Civil War† of A People’s History of the United States, Howard Zinn described the underlying class tensions caused by industrialization during the nineteenth century. He claimed that these tensions would have led to radical labor reforms if the working class’s anger had not been directed towards other issues. Zinn used The Age of Enterprise by Thomas C. Cochran and William Miller to show the upper class’s indifference towards the problems of the lower class and to prove thatRead MoreMary Boykin Miller : An American Diarist And Writer During The Civil War1018 Words   |  5 PagesMary Boykin Chesnut was born March 31, 1823 in Stateburg, South Carolina. She was an American diarist and writer during the Civil War was in session. Her birth name was Mary Boykin Miller, oldest daughter of Mary Boykin Miller and Stephen Decatur Miller. The Miller family was a wealthy owner of a plantation. Plantation had a large farm with resident workers and slaves. Her father was a politician who supported states` rights over the national government and set their own policies and having the powerRead MoreThe American Civil War1303 Words   |  5 PagesThe American Civil War began on April 12, 1861, and ended on May 9, 1865. There were over 600,000 casualties from this war. Slavery was the main issue at the beginning of the war. The war occurred after Southern slave states broke away and formed the Confederate States of America. Many young Northern and Southern boys served in the Civil War. Anywhere from 250,000 to 420,000 boys may have fought in the Civil War. After the fall of Fort Sumter, President Abraham Lincoln issued a call for seventy-fiveRead MoreSierra Leone : An African Country1162 Words   |  5 PagesSierra Leone is an African country that has recently come out of a civil war that led to the country’s severe and persistent poverty issue. Although Sierra Leone is one of the few countries that is rich in some precious natural resources such as diamonds and rare minerals, this country has been continuously dealing with poverty-related issues . Based on the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) Human Development Index (HDI), Sierra Leone was listed as one of the poorest countries in the worldRead MoreWe Read This Book By Margaret Mcmullan1228 Words   |  5 PagesMississippi during the time of the Civil War. Although he wants to go to what he thought was the glory of war alongside his Pa and his older brother, Henry, he has to remain home with his Mother, his grandparents, and the family slave, Buck. He also envied his brother, who was older, stronger, and who his Pa favored over him. This is a coming of age story. It tells about Frank’s journey facing his life problems: trying to win his father’s love and attention, the horrors of war, and the responsibility ofRead MoreAfrican Americans During The Civil War1211 Words   |  5 PagesAfter the Civil War, the United States underwent a period of reconstruction. From the time of 1877 to 1890, the US economy grew exponentially, wealthy business owners like Rockefeller and Vanderbilt built American cities and railroads, and immigrants from all over the world flooded into the country. However, during this period America also faced great amount of poverty, terrible working conditions, mass political corruptions, and a destruction of civil rights for African Americans, women, and immigrantsRead MoreThe Division Of The Nineteenth Century1387 Words   |  6 Pagesthan females at that time; people who were in the upper class were undoubtedly enjoying more liberty and possessing more social properties than those were in lower class. The Civil War is considered one of the most significant history events that happened in American history. The government abolished the slavery law after the war, which emancipated many black people from being slaves. Also, there were many women going outside and finding jobs on their own. 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Classification the Various Types of Malware-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss and Classify the Various Types of Malware. Answer:Introduction Malware are the short name for the malicious software. This software is installed in the systems of the owner without the authorization of the owner of the systems. This software can hurt the computer systems to a great extent. The malwares were introduced in the year 1970. They were improved in the year 1980. There has been a gradual improvement in the development of the malwares since then. The malwares that are designed in the recent times can hurt the computer systems to great extent. In the late 2000s the malwares were designed and they were very complex in nature. As time passed by more and more complex malwares were designed. Definition of Malware Malware are software that can hamper the effectiveness of the system [1]. These are designed by the programmers to hurt other people and often the main motive for the designing of this type of software is to obtain money from the people. These are also used for obtaining passwords for thee systems and obtaining confidential data of the high profile users. In addition to this the world government also uses this type of software so that they can track down the external invaders. These are also used in form of a trap by the government used for tracking down the enemies of the country and also for detecting any kind of conspiracy formed against them. Types of malware The malware are mal functioning software that is found on the computer systems. There are various types of malwares found on the computer systems. They are: Viruses, Worms, Trojan Horses, Spyware and Root kits. [2] there are various types of malware. The descriptions of the malwares have been provided in the paper. Firstly, there are descriptions about the viruses. The viruses are the most famous and common form of the malwares that infects the system. They propagate through various type of medium one of the most common medium being emails. The worms are the common type of malware. They generally are spread in the system due to the network vulnerabilities that are left exposed to the external actors. The Trojan horses are the type of malwares that are generally present in the systems in the form of a disguise. It can give the user remote access to the infected computer. Once any attacker gets access to the infected computer then they can create a lot of difficulties for the user. The spyware is a type of malware that is used for spying on the activities of the user. These are done without the actual knowledge of the user. The procedures involve the activities such as monitoring, collection of the keystrokes, data harvesting procedures such as information about the user accounts, financial data and the login details of the users. The Root Kits is malicious software that is used to remotely access the computer without being detected by any kind of security programs. This malware is used for modifying or even changing access of the files of the infected users system. Threats from the Malwares There are various types of threats that are detected in the systems due to the attack of malwares on the system [3]. The threats that a system faces from the malwares are: interrupting the processes of the system, damaging the files in the system, hacking the user data, performing denial of service attacks and also reducing the space of the system. The malwares interrupts the procedures that are taking place in the system. They also slow down the processes of the system. Thus, resulting in the interruption of the processes of the system. They also mishandle the files in this system. They affect the files and the files are either deleted or they are corrupted resulting in the misplacement of the files. In addition to this, the malwares also help the hackers to hack the data of different users. Once the hackers get access to the systems of the users, then they can easily manipulate the systems of the users and can also get access to the data of the users. The data of the users can eith er get stolen or lost if this process. In addition to this, the denial of service attacks can be performed by the malwares. These results in the user not being able to perform various operations and also are barred from performing the actions on their systems. In addition to this various malwares multiplies themselves automatically and also to create a number of shortcuts automatically. This results in the malwares eating up a lot of space in the system and reducing the memory of the system. Preventive measures to be taken against the malwares Due the advancement in the functionalities there have been increased amounts of threats regarding the malware attacks in the systems. There are various steps that involve in the mitigation of the threats that arise due to the malware attacks. The steps that can be used to prevent their threats from the malware threats are installing antivirus into their system, upgrading the antivirus software up to date [4]. In addition to this, the users are advised to run regular scans on the systems and the system of the user should be kept up to date. The network on which the systems of the user are should be secured with a firewall implemented in the system. The users should be careful; about the accessibility of the systems. In addition to this, the users should think twice before clicking on any type of link. They should also not respond to the spams that are directed towards them. The users should also try to keep their information safe. They should also not be using the open WIFI available to them and avoid falling in the trap of the mal practitioners. They should also backup their files regularly and maintain strong passwords for their systems so that they are safe from the external threats. Conclusion For conclusion it can be said that, the malware is very harmful for the system. Malware are the short name for the malicious software. Due the advancement in the functionalities there have been increased amounts of threats regarding the malware attacks in the systems. There are various steps that involve in the mitigation of the threats that arise due to the malware attacks. References Sharma, A. and Sahay, S.K., 2014. Evolution and detection of polymorphic and metamorphic malwares: A survey. arXiv preprint arXiv:1406.7061. Qiao, Y., Yang, Y., He, J., Tang, C., Liu, Z. (2014). CBM: free, automatic malware analysis framework using API call sequences. In Knowledge Engineering and Management (pp. 225-236). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. Gandotra, E., Bansal, D., Sofat, S. (2014). Malware analysis and classification: A survey. Journal of Information Security, 5(02), 56. He, D., Chan, S., Guizani, M. (2015). Mobile application security: malware threats and defenses. IEEE Wireless Communications, 22(1), 138-144.

Role of Effective Communication in Planning Function Free Samples

Question What Is The Role Of Effective Communication In Planning Function? Answer: Introduction The purpose of this report is to understand the functions of management and the role of communication for these functions. The study aims to understand how managers with better communication can benefit an organisation. Background Management involves administration of the various function of an organisation. This organisation can be a business, not for profit or a Government organisation (Raduki, 2016). Management involves setting up organisational objectives, setting strategies and coordinating resources to archive the objectives. Organisational communication helps in performance of basic functions of an organisation. Communication helps in coordination and planning (Eskelinen, Rajahonka, Santti, Villman, 2016). Management functions provide a sense of direction and a roadmap to an organisation and communication makes travelling on that road easier. Therefore, managerial communication is essential to management functions. Scope The scope of the report covers the importance of four functions of management and the role of communication in these functions. It also includes recommendations to the CEO for importance of management communication for effective managers. Assumption and Limitations This report is based on the assumption that the management of an organisation depends on four functions and communication skills can be acquired. The limitation of the research is that management may have other functions like staffing which are not discussed. Additionally, communication may also be dependent on the internal environment of the organisation which has not been considered. Discussion The management functions Managers drive an organisation towards the attainment of goals and objectives through the management functions. According to thinkers in management there are four elementary management functions which a manager needs to conduct. These are planning, organising, directing (leading) and controlling (Conkright, 2015). Planning entails designing the objectives of an organisation and making strategies and processes to achieve these objectives. Organising involves mobilising financial, technical and human resources to make sure that the planning is executed. Directing or leading entails ensuring that the organisational goals are achieved through employee motivation and guidance with the help of role allocation. Controlling is the fourth organisational function which involves assessment of achievement of goals and objectives. It involves giving feedback and taking corrective actions so that objectives are achieved. Importance of Communication in Management Communication helps in information sharing with in an organisation which makes conduct of management functions easier (Ainsworth, 2013). Managers need effective communication in order to perform the management functions effectively. Communication can make it easier to explain things to the employees. According to Katz managers need three types of skills to perform their functions. These are technical skills, human skills and conceptualisation skills. Technical skills are required to organise the activities and manage the technical staff. Conceptual skills are needed for executing all these skills effectively (Peterson Van Fleet, 2004). A manager with good communication will be able to conceptualise better and he will be able to execute his human side more effectively. Additionally, he will be able to understand technicalities in a better way. Human skills are needed to motivate and guide the staff. Through effective communication managers can perform their duties properly. Communication helps the managers in articulating all the functions. It also helps in gathering information and conveying this information to different levels in the organisation. Effective communication skills can assist managers to plan the strategies in an organised manner. It can help managers in explaining roles to the employees. . Through effective communications managers can also direct and guide the employees (Langdon, D. G. 2016). Therefore, effective communication can help attain all the management functions. The Planning Function Planning involves creating processes and activities to attain organisational objectives (Mirela, 2016). Designing a business plan or a marketing plan is a part of the planning function of management. Planning is aimed at giving directions to the strategic objective of the organisation. It involves conceptualisation skills, talked about by Katz (Chen Huang, 2010). Basic questions that are answered through the process of strategic planning are what the organisation does, for whom they do it and how differentiation is created. By answering these questions the manager can create a well formulated plan for the achievement of objectives. Planning also involves a choice between alternative courses of action. This involves evaluation of all courses that are available to the organisation. These can be choice between two types of products to be produces, choice between markets or segmentation. Planning stage adopts one alternative and then plan is made for that alternative (Krush Makaliuk, 2014). Therefore, planning is the careful assessment of all aspects of the organisation and then designing its objectives and strategies to achieve these objectives. Role of Effective Communication in Planning Function Communication acts as a source of information for an organisation (Hawes, 2017). If a manager is well versed in effective communication methods he will be able to understand all types of information pertaining to the organisation in a better way. Additionally, if the managers know how to write and draft various plans, he will be able to articulate and convey the strategic plans in a better way. Effective communication can help in better understanding of planning by the employee. If the plan of objectives and strategies are conveyed to various departments effectively with the help of communication skills, the organisation will be able to run smoothly and work in the direction of achievement of objectives (Hawes, 2017. Lack of effective communication can lead to chaos, disorder and lack of clarity of goals. Organising Function of Management Organising is the second core function of management. Under this functions manager undertakes combining of various resources in a synchronised manner in order to attain the planning needs. These resources can be physical, financial or human resources. In this function manager needs to have technical and human skills (Nothhaft, 2010) . Through the organising function the organisation allocates role to various resources and decides how they will work towards the goals achievement. Organisation function involves various steps (Kumar, Yadav Chowdhary 2010). First among them is identification of different activities that need to be undertaken for example, making a list of activities like accounting, keeping records, quality management, sales management etc. Next step is to allocate various activities to different departments like brand management, marketing, sales, operations etc. Further, under the organising function the line of authority under each department is decided. In the organising function all the employees get a clear idea of their roles and the resources at their disposal to achieve this role objectives (Nunhes, Motta Barbosa de Oliveira, 2017). Therefore, the organising function of management helps in coordinating all resources and allocating the tasks to them so that organisational goals are achieved. Role of Communication in the Organising Function For effective administration under the organising function, managers need to have proper business communication skills (Cyphert, Dodge Duclos, 2016). Effective communication can help the manager in giving proper direction to employees regarding their roles and tasks. Manager can also collate all the activities and document processes in a better way if he has knowledge of good written and oral communication. Proper verbal and nonverbal communication can also help in improving and changing the attitude of human capital towards the tasks so that they work in a more coordinated manner for goal achievement. Communication can help the manager in organising and allocating activities to different department in an effective manner. If the manager is well versed with communication skills, he can better articulate the departmental functions and line of authority (Wardrope, 2002). Clear written communication between upper level of management and the department can reduce vagueness and give clarity to team roles. The Contorting Function of Management Controlling is checking and assessing of all the resources are functioning as per plan and all the employees are following the instructions and guidedliness given. (Ahituv, N., Zviran, M., Glezer, 1999). Controlling is an act of monetorung and evaluation of all processes in the organisation. Through proper control mechanism a manager can make sure that all the resources are being used effectively and efficiently (Ege, 2015). Controlling function helps in coordinating the resources through assessment evaluation. It helps take corrective actions and helps in further planning for the attainment of the organisational functions. Controlling also helps in management of performance through feedback mechanism. Control should be adopted by managers at all levels of the organisation. Additionally, the control mechanism adopted by an organisation and its managers should be focused on achievement of the objectives. The control function helps in rewarding high performing employees and taking corrective actions for improvement of employees who are not performing well. Corrective actions can include training plans (Raduki, 2016). Through the controlling function managers can make sure that the plan is being executed in the right manner. Role of Effective Communication for Controlling Communication can be used by managers to effectively control the organisational activities (Ainsworth, 2013). A properly documented policy on performance appraisal and feedback machinima can help the employees in carrying out their duties in a better manner. Through written communication the manager can also give a clear and constructive feedback to the employees. If the manager is well versed with business communication skills he can properly draft letter and memos for the process of control machoism in the organisation (Ainsworth, 2013). Managers who interact more with employees are able to control the employee activity in a better way (Ainsworth, 2013). Therefore, effective communication can help the manager to keep an indirect control on employees through interactive skills. Effective communication can also help the manager in giving clear and precise instruction of the corrective actions if needed. Therefore, through effective communication skills the manager can control the act ivities of the organisation so that organisational objectives are active. The Directing or Leading Function of Management Leading is another very important core function of an organisation. Leading is the act of influencing and motivating the workforce so that they work efficiently in order to achieve organisational goals. The basic aim of leadership in an organisation is to make the employee participate in the activities of the organisation so that organisational goals are realised (Paulien?, 2017). The essence of good leadership in an organisation is to use inspiration and influence so that the employees willingly execute the work. The most important activity of the directing or leading function is guiding the employee properly. The manager gives clear guidelines and instruction to employees so that they can understand the work required from him (Paulien?, 2017). Another major function of a manager in a leadership position is to motivate employees. There are various theories of employee motivation. Most thinkers believe that those leaders are successful who give respect to employees and take care of their personal needs. Therefore, Katz human skills are important for leadership. Giving proper rewards for good performance and feedback for improvement are other motivational activities that a manager in a leadership position must undertake. Many theorists also believe that employees work better in groups. Therefore, forming teams for various roles is also a function of leadership in an organisation (Selvarajah, Meyer, Roostika Sukunesan, 2017). Effective leadership can give proper direction to the organisation. I f the manager is an able leaser he will be able to inspire the employees to work harder. Role of Effective Communication in leading function Effective skill of communication is very important for a leadership position. In fact good communication skills can make or break managers leading initiatives (Mayfield Mayfield, 2017). Effective communication skills can help the leader to show confidence, extraversion and enthusiasm for attainment of the organisational vision. A leader who can articulate his thoughts well and shows energy and enthusiasm is able to inspire and influence the employees more effectively. A good leader should have good verbal, nonverbal and written communication. Good written communication skills will help a leader in producing clear and precise policies for the employees. It will also help the leader in documenting the roles of the employees well (Mayfield, Mayfield, 2017). Through a hold on effective nonverbal communication the leader can control the working environment. Leader can use effective verbal communication to motivate the employees. A word of recognition by the manager can improve employee performance. Therefore, verbal communication can go a long way in improving the effectiveness of the work. Good communication skills can help in relationship building which can improve the effectiveness of the workforce. Through effective communication the leader can work towards better people management (Mayfield, Mayfield, 2017). Communication skills can help the leader speak in a way which inspires trust between the leader and the employees. Additionally, a leader with good communication skills can use his words to inspire the employees to work harder. Communication skills make it easier for manager to create a healthy work culture in the organisation. Therefore, effective communication is very important for a manager in the leadership position. Therefore, the four management functions comprise of the core elements of the organisation. Communication can help in execution of these functions. A firm which takes care of these functions and effective communication can achieve its objectives with efficiency. Conclusion Management functions help in smooth execution of the activities of an organisation. Through these functions the organisation realises their objectives. Communication can help in coordinating all these functions effectively. Through communication managers can interact with all the employees and give directions to them regarding the work they need to do. Therefore, communication helps in smooth conduct of all the organisational activities Recommendation for effective managerial training for communication Managers need effective communication at all levels of the organisation. That is, upper level, middle level and lower level. Following are the recommendations to the CEO with regards to effective communication for managers at all levels of the organisation 1 The planning function is undertaken by the upper level management of the organisation. Hence, communication training can help managers in the upper level to articulate the plan. Communication training can also help in enhancing conceptualisation skills of the managers. Through an understanding of written and verbal communication they can articulate their thoughts regarding the organisation, its goals and vision. Effective communication skills will also make the managers better listeners and they will be able to conceptualise the ideas generated by others. 2 Both organising and controlling are functions of upper and middle level management. At this level the managers need to have an understanding of various activities which need to be done along with a comprehension of control mechanisms. Communication skills training can help the manager in creating policy documents for this purpose. Communication skills can help the managers to give direction to various departments regarding different activities. Hence, it is recommended to the CEO to provide communication skills training to managers who are involved in organising and controlling function. 3 At all levels of management the managers need to lead their teams to perform in the stipulated manner. Communication skills are very important for leadership purpose. A leader who has good communication skills can articulate his vision properly. Good communication helps in inspiring, motivating and influencing the workforce. Additionally, good communication can help a leader to give feedback in a constructive manner. Therefore, training of communication skills is essential for managers in leadership position. References Ahituv, N., Zviran, M., Glezer, C. (1999). Top Management Toolbox for Managing Corporate IT. Communications of the ACM, 42(4), 93-99. doi:10.1145/299157.299177 Ainsworth, J. (2013). Business Languages for Intercultural and International Business Communication: A Canadian Case Study. Business Communication Quarterly, 76(1), 28-50. doi:10.1177/1080569912471186 Chen, S., Huang, W. (2010). A Membership Function Approach for Aggregate production Planning Problems in Fuzzy Environments. International Journal Of Production Research, 48(23), 7003-7023. doi:10.1080/00207540903246649 Conkright, T. A. (2015). Using the Four Functions of Management for Sustainable Employee Engagement. Performance Improvement, 54(8), 15-21. Cyphert, D., Dodge, E. N., Duclos (Wilson), L. K. (2016). Developing Communication Management Skills. Business Professional Communication Quarterly, 79(4), 416-441. doi:10.1177/2329490616660815 Ege, M. S. (2015). Does Internal Audit Function Quality Deter Management Misconduct?. Accounting Review, 90(2), 495-527. doi:10.2308/accr-50871 Eskelinen, T., Rajahonka, M., Santti, U., Villman, K. (2017). Improving Internal Communication Management in SMEs: Case Study. Proceedings of ISPIM Conferences, 1-14. Hawes, D. (2017). Beppe Grillos Five Star Movement Organisation, Communication and Ideology. Journal of Contemporary European Studies, 25(1), 140-141. doi:10.1080/14782804.2017.1258390 Krush, P. V., Makaliuk, I. V. (2014). Realisation of functions of Planning and Organisation in the System of management of Transaction expenses. Problems of Economy, (1), 135-141 Kumar, S., Yadav, M. S., Chowdhary, N. (2010). Organising Human Resource Management Function in Small Hospitals. Pranjana: The Journal Of Management Awareness, 13(2), 16-26. Langdon, D. G. (2016). Improving Management Communication through Job Models. Journal of Performance Improvement, 55(7), 24-31. doi:10.1002/pfi.21570 Mayfield, M., Mayfield, J. (2017). "What's Past Is Prologue": A Look at Past Leadership Communication Research With a View Toward the Future. International Journal Of Business Communication, 54(2), 107-114. doi:10.1177/2329488416687050 Mirela, B. (2016). How Feedback Control Impacts the Planning Management function. Annals of the University Of Oradea, Economic Science Series, 25(2), 504-512. Nothhaft, H (2010) Communication management as a second?order management function: Roles and functions of the communication executive results from a shadowing study, Journal of Communication Management, 14 (2), pp.127-140, doi: 10.1108/13632541011034583 Nunhes, T. V., Motta Barbosa, L. F., de Oliveira, O. J. (2017). Identification And Analysis Of the Elements And Functions Integrable in Integrated Management Systems. Journal Of Cleaner Production, 1423225-3235. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.10.147 Paulien?, R. (2017). Interaction between Managerial Competencies and Leadership In Business Organisations. Regional Formation Development Studies, (21), 98-108. doi:10.15181/rfds.v21i1.1412 Peterson, T. O., van Fleet, D. D. (2004). The ongoing legacy of R.L. Katz. Management Decision, 42(10), 1297-1308. doi:10.1108/00251740410568980 Raduki, D. (2016). Basic Management Functions in Culture and Arts Organisations. Journal of Management (1820-0222), 81, 59-66. doi:10.1002/pfi.21506 Selvarajah, C., Meyer, D., Roostika, R., Sukunesan, S. (2017). Exploring managerial leadership in Javanese (Indonesia) organisations: engaging Asta Brata , the eight principles of Javanese statesmanship. Asia Pacific Business Review, 23(3), 373-395. doi:10.1080/13602381.2016.1213494 Wardrope, W. J. (2002). Department Chairs' Perceptions of the Importance of Business Communication Skills. Business Communication Quarterly, 65(4), 60-72.